MENTAL HEALTH (RESOURCE: DSM-5)

PTSD (POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER)

Can occur from...

1. Exposure to actual/threatened death, serious injury, sexual violence

-from directly experiencing traumatic event

-witnessing event

-learning that event happened to family member/close friend

-experiencing repeated/extreme exposure to details of traumatic event

2. Symptoms

-recurrent, distressing memories of traumatic event(s)

-recurrent, distressing dreams related tp traumatic event(s)

-dissociative reactions(flashbacks),

where person completely loses awareness of present surroundings

-psychological distress from cues that symbolize or remind of traumatic event(s)

3. Avoidance

-relating to distressing memories, thoughts, feelings related to event

-avoidance of people, places, conversations, activities, objects, etc that bring

feelings/reminders of traumatic event(s)

4. Mood/cognition worsening

MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

1. Symptoms (5 or more occurring during 2 week period, at least 1 is either depressed mood or loss of interest or

pleasure)

-In grief, persistent depressed mood and inability to anticipate happiness or pleasure

-depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day

-little interest in all or almost all activities

-great weight loss or weight gain when not dieting

-insomnia/hypersomnia nearly every day

-fatigue/loss of energy nearly every day

-lessened ability to think/concentrate, indecisiveness

-recurrent thoughts of death, ideas of suicide without a plan, specific plan, or suicide attempt

2. Symptoms cause great distress in social/occupational aspects of life

3. Episode not related to physiological effects of substance or different medical condition

4. Severity

-MILD: few symptoms in excess of what is needed to make diagnosis is present, symptoms

bring minor impairment in functioning

-MODERATE: number/intensity of symptoms/impairment range between "mild" and "severe"

-SEVERE: number of excessive symptoms is high, intensity is seriously distressing and

unmanageable, symptoms greatly interfere with social/occupational functioning

ADJUSTMENT DISORDER

1. Development of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to stressor(s) occurring within 3 months of the onset of the stressor(s)

2. Symptoms

-Marked distress out of proportion to severity of stressor, taking into account context and

cultural factors that may influence symptoms

-great impairment in social/occupational/other areas of functioning

-disturbance not meet criteria for another mental disorder

3. Once stressor ends, symptoms do not continue for more than an additional 6 months

4. Specific symptoms

-With depressed mood: low mood, tearfulness, intense hopelessness

-With anxiety: nervousness, worry, jitteriness, separation anxiety

-With anxiety and depressed mood: combination of depression and anxiety

-With disturbance of conduct: Disturbance of conduct is major

-With mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct: both emotional symptoms (depression,

anxiety) and disturbance of conduct is major

-Unspecified: for reactions that are not classifiable as other types